Biotechnology, Health and Diseases — UPSC Prelims PYQs (Set 2)

Q1. In the context of hereditary diseases, consider the following statements :
1. Passing on mitochondrial diseases from parent to child can be prevented by mitochondrial replacement therapy either before or after in vitro fertilization of egg.
2. A child inherits mitochondrial diseases entirely from mother and not from father.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? UPSC Prelims 2021

Question 1 optionsA1 onlyB2 onlyCBoth 1 and 2DNeither 1 nor 2
Q2. Bollgard I and Bollgard II technologies are mentioned in the context of UPSC Prelims 2021

Question 2 optionsAclonal propagation of crop plantsBdeveloping genetically modified crop plantsCproduction of plant growth substancesDproduction of biofertilizers
Q3. Consider the following :
1. Bacteria
2. Fungi
3. Virus
Which of the above can be cultured in artificial/synthetic medium? UPSC Prelims 2021

Question 3 optionsA1 and 2 onlyB2 and 3 onlyC1 and 3 onlyD1, 2 and 3
Q4. Consider the following statements :
1. Adenoviruses have single-stranded DNA genomes whereas retroviruses have double-stranded DNA genomes.
2. Common cold is sometime caused by an adenovirus whereas AIDS is caused by a retrovirus.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? UPSC Prelims 2021

Question 4 optionsA1 onlyB2 onlyCBoth 1 and 2DNeither 1 nor 2
Q5. The term 'ACE2' is talked about in the context of UPSC Prelims 2021

Question 5 optionsAgenes introduced in the genetically modified plantsBdevelopment of India's own satellite navigation systemCradio collars for wildlife trackingDspread of viral diseases
Q6. 'Triclosan', considered harmful when exposed to high levels for a long time, is most likely present in which of the following? UPSC Prelims 2021

Question 6 optionsAFood preservativesBFruit-ripening substancesCReused plastic containersDToiletries
Q7. In the context of recent advances in human reproductive technology, “Pronuclear Transfer” is used for UPSC Prelims 2020

Question 7 optionsAfertilization of egg in vitro by the donor spermBgenetic modification of sperm producing cellsCdevelopment of stem cells into functional embryosDprevention of mitochondrial diseases in offspring
Q8. Consider the following statements :
1. Genetic changes can be introduced in the cells that produce eggs or sperms of a prospective parent.
2. A person’s genome can be edited before birth at the early embryonic stage.
3. Human induced pluripotent stem cells can be injected into the embryo of a pig.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct ? UPSC Prelims 2020

Question 8 optionsA1 onlyB2 and 3 onlyC2 onlyD1, 2 and 3
Q9. What is the importance of using Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines in India ?
1. These vaccines are effective against pneumonia as well as meningitis and sepsis.
2. Dependence on antibiotics that are not effective against drug-resistant bacteria can be reduced.
3. These vaccines have no side effects and cause no allergic reactions.
Select the correct answer using the code given below : UPSC Prelims 2020

Question 9 optionsA1 onlyB1 and 2 onlyC3 onlyD1, 2 and 3
Q10. Which of the following statements are correct regarding the general difference between plant and animal cells ?
1. Plant cells have cellulose cell walls whilst animal cells do not.
2. Plant cells do not have plasma membrane unlike animal cells which do.
3. Mature plant cell has one large vacuole whilst animal cell has many small vacuoles.
Select the correct answer using the code given below : UPSC Prelims 2020

Question 10 optionsA1 and 2 onlyB2 and 3 onlyC1 and 3 onlyD1, 2 and 3
Q11. The word 'Denisovan' is sometimes mentioned in media in reference to UPSC Prelims 2019

Question 11 optionsAfossils of a kind of dinosaursBan early human speciesCa cave system found in North-East IndiaDa geological period in the history of Indian subcontinent
Q12. With reference to the recent developments in science, which one of the following statements is not correct? UPSC Prelims 2019

Question 12 optionsAFunctional chromosomes can be created by joining segments of DNA taken from cells of different species.BPieces of artificial functional DNA can be created in laboratories.CA piece of DNA taken out from an animal cell can be made to replicate outside a living cell in a laboratory.DCells taken out from plants and animals can be made to undergo cell division in laboratory petri dishes.
Q13. ‘RNA interference (RNAi)’ technology has gained popularity in the last few years. Why?
1. It is used in developing gene silencing therapies.
2. It can be used in developing therapies for the treatment of cancer.
3. It can be used to develop hormone replacement therapies.
4. It can be used to produce crop plants that are resistant to viral pathogens.
Select the correct answer using the code given below. UPSC Prelims 2019

Question 13 optionsA1, 2 and 4B2 and 3C1 and 3D1 and 4 only
Q14. Which of the following are the reasons for the occurrence of multi-drug resistance in microbial pathogens in India?
1. Genetic predisposition of some people
2. Taking incorrect doses of antibiotics to cure diseases
3. Using antibiotics in livestock farming
4. Multiple chronic diseases in some people
Select the correct answer using the code given below. UPSC Prelims 2019

Question 14 optionsA1 and 2B2 and 3 onlyC1, 3 and 4D2, 3 and 4
Q15. What is Cas9 protein that is often mentioned in news? UPSC Prelims 2019

Question 15 optionsAA molecular scissors used in targeted gene editingBA biosensor used in the accurate detection of pathogens in patientsCA gene that makes plants pest-resistantDA herbicidal substance synthesized in genetically modified crops
Q16. Which one of the following statements is not correct? UPSC Prelims 2019

Question 16 optionsAHepatitis B virus is transmitted much like HIV.BHepatitis B, unlike Hepatitis C, does not have a vaccine.CGlobally, the number of people infected with Hepatitis B and C viruses are several times more than those infected with HIV.DSome of those infected with Hepatitis B and C viruses do not show the symptoms for many years.

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Biotechnology, Health and Diseases — UPSC Prelims PYQs (Set 2)

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